What maintains the cell shape of Euglena? (1) 2. Name one unicellular sac fungus. (1) 3. What is diatomaceous earth? Mention any two economic uses of it. (2) 4. Differentiate between phototrophic and chemotrophic bacteria. (2) 5. How is zygospore different from the sporangia spore in fungi? (2) 6 (a)Name the groups of photosynthetic protists . (b)Which of them forms the major phytoplankton’s in the ocean. (2) 7. (i)What is meant by 'contagium vivum fluidum'? Who gave this idea? (ii)Why viruses are called obligate intracellular parasites? (iii)Mention any two symptoms of viral diseases in plants. (3) 8. Describe the steps involved in the sexual reproduction of fungi. (3) 9. Differentiate between Chrysophytes and Dinoflagellates. (3) 10. Differentiate between the gametophyte and sporophyte of plants . What is meant by alternation of generation? (3) 11. Describe the three groups of archaebacteria. (3) 12. Give a comparative account of the classes of Kingdom fungi under the following a) Type of mycelium b) Mode of reproduction. (5) 13. Highlight the criteria considered for five Kingdom system of classification.
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Answer:
1. euglena comes under the protista. It has thick proteineous layer made up of proteins which maintains it shape.
2. The fungi which belong to Ascomycetes are called as sac fungi. There are many species which are unicellular one among them are Saccharomyces well known as yeast or baker yeast.
3. Diatomaceous earth, diatomite is a naturally occurring, soft, siliceous sedimentary rock that is easily crumbled into a fine white to off-white powder.
4. Chemotrophs oxidize inorganic compounds or organic compounds as their energy source. The main difference between phototrophs and chemotrophs is that phototrophs capture protons in order to acquire energy whereas chemotrophs oxidize electron donors in order to acquire energy.
5. Zygospores are involved in sexual reproduction while sporangiospores are involved in asexual reproduction. Zygospores are thick-walled resting spores while sporangiospores develop within a sac. Zygospores are shown by only class Zygomycotic while sporangiospores are present in most of the fungi.
6. a) Euglenoids, Diatoms, golden algae are the examples of photosynthetic/autotrophic protists.
b)The two main classes of phytoplankton are dinoflagellates and diatoms. Dinoflagellates use a whip-like tail, or flagella, to move through the water and their bodies are covered with complex shells.
7. a) his word means " Contagious Living Fluids " . The phrase " Contagium vivum fluidum " was first used to describe a virus and underlined its ability to slip through the finest-mesh filters then available, giving it almost liquid properties.
b) All viruses are obligate parasites; that is, they lack metabolic machinery of their own to generate energy or to synthesize proteins, so they depend on host cells to carry out these vital functions. Once inside a cell, viruses have genes for usurping the cell's energy-generating and protein-synthesizing systems.
c)Mosaic leaf pattern.
Crinkled leaves.
8. Sexual reproduction in the fungi consists of three sequential stages: plasmogamy, karyogamy, and meiosis. The diploid chromosomes are pulled apart into two daughter cells, each containing a single set of chromosomes (a haploid state). In most fungi the zygote is the only cell in the entire life cycle that is diploid.
Explanation:
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Answer:
Euglena comes under the protista. It has thick proteineous layer made up of proteins which maintains it shape.