What observations in a scattering experiment led Rutherford to make the following observations: (i) Most of the space in an atom is empty. (ii) nucleus is positively charged
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(i) bcz most of the rays pass from the atom very easily
(ii) bcz some rays reflected back
(ii) bcz some rays reflected back
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1. He observed that most of the alpha rays that were passed through the thin gold foil passed through it without showing any deflection which led him to the conclusion that most of the space in an atom is empty.
2. The few alpha rays that hit the nucleus bounce back of deflected through large angles which led him to the conclusion that the centre of the atom where the whole mass of the atom is concentrated is positively charged.
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(b) because as the rays striked the nucleus they got strongly deflected in opposite direction. So as likes repel and hence nucleus is positively charged.