Question

.. What pattern do you observe in terms of the phase, the number of carbon
atoms, structure, and the boiling point of the alkanes, alkenes, and
alkynes? Explain the patterns you observe.​

Answer 1

no of carbons are 6. the boiling point of the alkanes

Answer 2

For Alkenes:

• They contain carbon-carbon double bond.
• They occur in all the phases at room temperature.
• They have similar boiling and melting points when compared to alkanes.
• They are $Sp^2$ Hybridized due to weak dipole moment.
• Their boiling point increases, with an increase in intermolecular force, which results in the increase of their size.

For Alkanes:

• They are composed of carbon-hydrogen single covalent bond.
• They occur in all the phases at room temperature.
• They have greater van der Waals force, due to which the unbranched alkanes are formed during their lower boiling point.
• They have greater surface area.
• Solid Alkanes occur at low melting points due to strong repulsive forces.
• At this stage there is a balance between weak Van der waals force and repulsive force.
• They are insoluble in water.

For Alkynes:

• They are non-polar molecules with a little bit of solubility.
• They have small amount of dipole moment due to differences in their electronegativity as they have sp hybridized and $sp^3$ hybridized carbon atoms.
• Carbon atoms decides on the production of dipole moment because more the $sp^3$ hybridized atoms, more the electronegativity.