what property of benzene support that six hydrogen atoms are equivalent?
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As already mentioned benzene prefers to undergo substitution reactions in spite of the high degree of unsaturation. This is due to high stabilisation of benzene ring by resonance (or by delocalization of n electrons). The substitution reactions in benzene are initiated by electrophilies. Thus, characteristic reactions of benzene are electrophilic substitution reactions.
The molecule of benzene is symmetrical and the six carbon atoms as well as the hydrogen atoms occupy similar positions in the molecule. If one atom of hydrogen is substituted by a monovalent group or a radical (say methyl group), the resulting monosubstitution product exists in one form only. The position assigned to the substituent group does not matter because of the equivalent positions of the six hydrogen atoms. Thus, we have only one compound having the formula C6H5X where X is some monovalent group.
The molecule of benzene is symmetrical and the six carbon atoms as well as the hydrogen atoms occupy similar positions in the molecule. If one atom of hydrogen is substituted by a monovalent group or a radical (say methyl group), the resulting monosubstitution product exists in one form only. The position assigned to the substituent group does not matter because of the equivalent positions of the six hydrogen atoms. Thus, we have only one compound having the formula C6H5X where X is some monovalent group.
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