Question

what's the power of a telescope and a microscope​

Answer 1

Hello mate...

=>For example, a 20 mm eyepiece used on a 1000 mm focal-length telescope would yield a power of 50x (1000/20 = 50). While a 10 mm eyepiece used on the same instrument would yield a power of 100x (1000/10 = 100). Since eyepieces are interchangeable, a telescope can be used at a variety of powers.

three important powers of the telescope: the light gathering power, resolving power, and magnifying power.

=>The actual power or magnification of a compound optical microscope is the product of the powers of the ocular (eyepiece) and the objective lens. The maximum normal magnifications of the ocular and objective are 10× and 100× respectively, giving a final magnification of 1,000×.

Resolving power is defined as the ability of a microscope or telescope to distinguish two close together images as being separate. An example of resolving power is how well a telescope can show two stars as being separate stars.

Answer 2

Answer:

HEY !!

Explanation:

Resolving Power:

It is defined as the inverse of the distance or angular separation between two objects which can be just resolved when viewed through the optical instrument.

Resolving Power of Telescope:

In telescopes, very close objects such as binary stars or individual stars of galaxies subtend very small angles on the telescope. To resolve them we need very large apertures. We can use Rayleigh’s to determine the resolving power. The angular separation between two objects must be

△θ = 1.22 λd

Resolving power = 1△θ = d1.22 λ

Thus higher the diameter d, better the resolution. The best astronomical optical telescopes have mirror diameters as large as 10m to achieve the best resolution. Also, larger wavelengths reduce the resolving power and consequently radio and microwave telescopes need larger mirrors.

Resolving Power of Microscope:

For microscopes, the resolving power is the inverse of the distance between two objects that can be just resolved. This is given by the famous Abbe’s criterion given by Ernst Abbe in 1873 as

△ d = λ2 n sin θ

Resolving power = 1△ d = 2n sin θλ

Where n is the refractive index of the medium separating object and aperture. Note that to achieve high-resolution n sin θ must be large. This is known as the Numerical aperture.

Thus, for good resolution:

sin θ must be large. To achieve this, the objective lens is kept as close to the specimen as possible.

A higher refractive index (n) medium must be used. Oil immersion microscopes use oil to increase the refractive index. Typically for use in biology studies, this is limited to 1.6 to match the refractive index of glass slides used. (This limits reflection from slides). Thus the numerical aperture is limited to just 1.4-1.6. Thus, optical microscopes (if you do the math) can only image to about 0.1 microns. This means that usually organelles, viruses and proteins cannot be imaged.

Decreasing the wavelength by using X-rays and gamma rays. While these techniques are used to study inorganic crystals, biological samples are usually damaged by x-rays and hence are not used.

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