Question

What steps did the British take to bring the rich province of Bengal under their rule

Answer 1

the rich provinces that brought Bengal under the British are
that because of consequences between Robert Clive and Sirajuddaulah the battle was fought in 1757 at palashi name to be known as battle of plassey....
but as a negotiations was been held between Robert Clive and Mir Jafar that if the the nawab of Bengal then they would make the Mir Jafar as new nawab of bengal..
thus, Mir Jafar didn't fought the battle the nawab has lost the battle and the bengal was under British

Answer 2

“We have at last arrived at that critical period, which I have long foreseen; I mean the period which renders it necessary for us to determine whether we can, or shall, take the whole to ourselves.”

—Robert Clive, 1765 (Peers 101).

The English East India Company sought to gain access to the province of Bengal because it was the most successful industrial region in India. In 1750, India accounted for 25% of world economic production contrasted to England’s 1.9% (Robins 61). Bengal was at the center of that production. In 1776, in the Bengali city of Dhaka alone, 80,000 women spun cotton for 25,000 weavers who produced approximately 180,000 piece of cloth (63). Indian textiles wove their way so fully into British culture that South Asian names for cloth cropped up in the English language—such as bandana, calico, taffeta, gingham, and chintz (63). In addition to textile manufacturing, Bengal’s fertile soils of the Ganges River Basin made for outstanding agricultural production. Any company seeking a profit in India wanted a piece of the lucrative region.

The East India Company opened a port in Calcutta to access Bengali riches. In 1717, the Company bribed a feeble and short-lived Mughal Emperor to give them a farman in Bengal—a decree that gave the Company the rights to trade duty free in return for a small annual fee to the Mughal court (Keay 228-229). This “get-out-of-all-Bengali-taxes-for-free card” made it impossible for other European powers to compete with the British there. But the local Bengali rulers resented this privilege that deprived them of tax revenue. More still, the farman was granted to the Company by a distant and weak ruler—the Emperor— who had only nominal authority in the province. Despite relentless protests from the local nawab, the British increased their trading presence in Bengal. A military clash seemed likely.