what types of combination of loads is used in domestic wiring?
Answers
They are connected in parallel. The reason for the parallel connection is that it results in each appliance operating at the same voltage (i.e., approximately 120V for line-neutral connected appliances, and 240V for appliances that are connected line-line) along the entire circuit. Each appliance/load draws from the source (the circuit supplied by the circuit breaker in the electrical panel) the current it needs to operate, based on its impedance, according to Ohm’s law: I = V/Z, where V is the circuit voltage and Z is the associated load impedance, and I is the current that the circuit will supply to that particular load. When the appliances/loads are connected in parallel, you can independently connect or disconnect any appliance/load from the circuit (and/or turn its associated power switch on and off), and the rest of the appliances/loads on the same circuit continue to operate normally/ The only time you get into trouble is when you connect too many appliances/loads to a single circuit, that collectively draw more current than what the circuit (and its associated circuit breaker) can safely supply. When this happens, the circuit breaker supplying and protecting the circuit trips and opens up the circuit, and all of the appliances/loads on that circuit turn off, until you unplug an adequate amount of load (i.e., number of appliances) that the circuit can safely supply. You identify and disconnect the offending loads, reset the (tripped) circuit breaker that supplies that circuit, make a mental note not to connect that many appliances/loads to that circuit again, and you’re good to go.
If you were to connect the appliances/loads in series, you would also be connecting the impedances of those appliances/loads in series, and the voltage that would be available to each appliance would be dependent on the impedance of every appliance in the series string. For example, let’s say you took two identical 100W, 120V lamps and connected them in series on a single 120V circuit. Each of these lamps has an impedance of 120^2/100 = 144 ohms (Ohm;s :aw also stipulates that Z = V^2/P). If you connected the two lamps in series (note, you’d have to turn both of them on first, otherwise neither one will operate), you would then have only 60V (120V/2), rather than 120V across each lamp. The power each lamp would then consume in this configuration would be P = 60^2/144 = 25W. In other words, connecting both lamps in series would reduce their power output by a factor of four (it drops by a factor of four instead of two, because power varies with the square of the voltage). In addition, the moment either lamp is turned off, it would also disconnect power to the other lamp (as well as anything and everything else in the series string).
Much the same results would occur if you were to connect any other identical loads in series across a source voltage at which either one was designed to operate. I could give countless examples, with lots and lots of calculations, to illustrate how the voltages would divide for more than two dissimilar appliances in series, but hopefully you see that connecting appliances in series would NOT be a viable way to operate them.
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Answer:
parallel combination
Explanation: