What was going on in the united states and the world that created the factors behind the red summer of 1919?
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Answer:
The Red Summer is the name that is given to the period which covers the late winter, spring, summer, and early autumn of 1919, because it was marked by hundreds of deaths and a large number of casualties across the United States, which resulted from anti-black white supremacist terrorist attacks that occurred in more than three dozen cities and one rural county. In most instances, whites attacked African Americans. In some cases many black people fought back, notably in Chicagoand Washington, D.C. The highest number of fatalities occurred in the rural area around Elaine, Arkansas, where an estimated 100–240 black people, and five white people, were killed; Chicago and Washington suffered 38 and 15 deaths, respectively, and many more injuries, with extensive property damage in Chicago.[1]
Red SummerPart of the First Red Scare
and Nadir of American race relations
(Clockwise from the top)
A white gang hunting African Americans during the Chicago race riot
An inflammatory newspaper headline in Elaine race riot
Body of Will Brown after being burned by a white mob during the Omaha race riot
Motorcycle involved in the Washington DC race riot
Article about the Putnam County arson attack
Soldiers with a Black Resident during the Chicago race riot
Date1919LocationUnited StatesTargetAmerica's Black CommunityParticipantsMostly white mobs attacking African-AmericansOutcomeWhite supremacistterrorist attacks against black Americans by white Americans across the United StatesDeaths~1000Inquest
Haynes report
Lusk Committee
The racial riots against blacks resulted from a variety of postwar social tensions which were related to the demobilization of veterans of World War I, both black and white, an economic slump, and competition for jobs and housing between ethnic European Americansand African Americans.[2] In addition, it was a time of labor unrest in which some industrialists used black people as strikebreakers, increasing the resentment of white workers. The riots were extensively documented in the press, which, along with the federal government, feared socialist and communistinfluence on the black civil rights movementfollowing the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia. They also feared foreign anarchists, who had bombed the homes and businesses of prominent business and government leaders.
Civil rights activist and author James Weldon Johnson coined the term "Red Summer"; he had been employed as a field secretary since 1916 by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). In 1919, he organized peaceful protests against the racial violence which had occurred that summer.[3][4]