Question

What was Stalin's collectivisation programme?what were it's causes and effects?

Answer 1

Acute shortages of grain supplies and outdated mode of production on small land holdings led Stalin to introduce the system of collectivisation.

Under collectivisation, land was taken away from peasants, Kulaks eliminated and large state controlled farms established. Peasants were forced to cultivate on these collective farms (Kolkboz).

Large size of farms enabled introduction of modern techniques and machinery. Land and implements were transferred to the ownership of the collective farms. A profit of the farms was to be shared among the peasants.

Many peasants resisted collectivisation. Resistance was severely punished. Many peasants were deported or exiled.

Collectivisation however did not lead to increase in production immediately.

Answer 2

 From 1929 the party forced all peasants to contribute in collective parts. The bulk of land and implements were transferred to the ownership of collective farms.

 Peasants work on the land, and the call cuz profit was shared. Encouraged peasants recited resisted the authorities and destroyed their livestock .

 Between 1929 and 1931, the number of cattle fell by 1/3 . Those who resisted collectivization were severely punished .

 Many were deported and exiled. As they resisted collectivization former peasants argued that they were not rich and they were not against socialism .

 They merely did not want to work in collective farms for a variety of reasons. Stallions government allowed some independent collective cultivation , but treated such cultivators unsympathetic.