Question

What was the rowlatt act .
Please answer according to 5 marks question....

Answer 1

The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919 , popularly known as the Rowlatt Act or Black Act, was a legislative act passed by the Imperial Legislative Council in Delhi on 10 March 1919, indefinitely extending the emergency measures of preventive indefinite detention, incarceration without trial and judicial review enacted in the Defence of India Act 1915 during the First World War. It was enacted in light of a perceived threat from revolutionary nationalists to organisations of re-engaging in similar conspiracies as during the war which the Government felt the lapse of the DIRA regulations would

Answer 2

The Rowlatt act was implemented to curb revolutionary activities ongoing in India during the British rule.

• This act was passed in March 1919 by the Central legislative Council.

• Its purpose was to halt political terrorism in India, especially in the Punjab and Bengal regions.

• It was passed as the replacement of the temporary Defense of India Act passed in 1915. DIA was passed to suppress Indian revolutionary acts while the British defense focused on the World War I situation. However, this act could be in run only for 6 months, hence the Rowlatt act was introduced.

• The Rowlatt act encouraged police to search any place without having a warrant. The suspect of terrorism was bound to be imprisoned for the period of 2 years if found guilty according to this act. Also, there was an absolute ban on gatherings and public meetings of cultural sorts.

• Mahatma Gandhi, initiated satyagraha to resist this act. Jallianwala Bagh massacre was the result of disobeying the act. General Dyre ordered the annihilation of all the Indians celebrating the festival of Baisakhi in Jallianwala Bagh.

• Owing to the violent results of the silent protests during the Satyagraha, Gandhi decided to stop the movement altogether.

• The Rowlatt act was later discontinued by the British Government in the year 1922.

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