Question

What were Morley-Minto Reforms of 1909?​

Answer 1

Answer:

The Indian Councils Act 1909 , commonly known as the Morley-Minto or Minto-Morley Reforms, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that brought about a limited increase in the involvement of Indians in the governance of British India.

A 1909 legislative enactment, called the Morley-Minto reforms, conferred some political reforms which encouraged the constitutionalists in the Congress. Indians who could be elected to the legislatures on the basis of the 1861 Indian Councils Act increased numerically.The executive remained under strong British control and the government's consultative mode remained unchanged. The reforms established Indian dominance in the provincial, but not central, legislative bodies. Elections, mainly indirect, were affirmed for all levels of society. The elected Indians were also enabled to debate budgetary and complementary matters and table resolutions.

Despite these reforms the Indian members still reeled over electoral apportionment. Provinces were delegated electoral allocations and administrative changes hindered harmful fusion against the British rule. A major hindrance to coalitions were separate electorates.

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Answer 2

The british goverment announced morley - minto reforms to pacify the moderates. But the reforms did not pay any heed to the demand of the indians for swaraj. Muslims were granted separate electrote ( represenation ). This reform was a further threat to the hindu - muslim unity in the national movement . The moderates opposed it and the struggle for swaraj become more intense.