what were the conequences of revalt of 1857 ?
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Answer:
The Revolt of 1857 marked a turning point in the history of Modern India. It exercised a tremendous influence upon the British policy in India. The character of the Indian empire in the last decades of the nineteenth century was shaped to a large extent by the events of 1857. The considerable support, which the revolt obtained, and the threat it posed to the very existence of British rule in India during the year 1857, forced the British to examine the entire nature of their connection with India. The consequences of the Revolt of 1857 may be studied under below head, which might be construed as positive or negative depending upon our own interpretation.India came under British Crown, Company’s Rule Ended
The transfer of power from the East India Company to the crown of England was achieved through the Act for the better Government of India, l858, Under this Act India would be governed directly by the crown acting through a Secretary of State. He was made directly responsible to the British Parliament. To assist and advise him in transacting the affairs of this country; a Council known as the India Council was created. The India Council was to consist of fifteen members of whom at least nine should have served in India for not less than ten years. The India Council was to be presided over by the Secretary of State.
In India the central administration continued to remain in the hands of the governor general who also became the viceroy of the Queen in England The governor general acquired the additional title of viceroy not due to the India Act of 1858, but due to the Royal Proclamation, which was issued on 1 November 1858.
The Queens Proclamation, 1858
Lord Canning, the Governor General of India, announced the acquisition of the Indian administration by the British crown at a Darbar, held at Allahabad on I November, 1858. When he read out the Queens Proclamation to the princes and the people of India, it reflected the generosity and religious tolerance. He pointed out that several benefits, the people of India would enjoy and they would be treated at par with the subjects of the British Crown.
The proclamation proclaimed the transfer of administration over the British territories in India from the hands of the East India Company to the British Crown. It states that they have resolved to take upon themselves the Government of the territories in India. The Queen, in her proclamation, called upon all her subjects within the British territories in India to be faithful and to bear true allegiance to the British Government. The proclamation proclaimed the appointment of Charles Canning as the first viceroy and Governor General over the British territories in India The Queen, in her proclamation, assured the following to the native princes that all treaties and engagement made by the East India Company with the native Princes would properly be maintained by the British Government and it is hoped that the same would also be observed by them. With all the above promises the Queen reserved to herself the right to interfere in native states in order to set right such serious abuses in a native government.
New structure of Government of India
Under the Act for better Government of India the power of the Crown were to be exercised by the Home Government in England consisting of the secretary of state for India, assisted by the Council of India known as the Indian Council under the Act for the better Government of India, passed on August 2, 1858. The Secretary of State for India was to be a member of the British Parliament and also a Cabinet Minister of England. He was, therefore, to be responsible, for the administration of the British territories in India, to the British Parliament. His salary and the expenses of his establishment were to be paid out of the India revenues.
The secretary of states for India was to be assisted by the Council of India, consisted of fifteen members, eight of whom were to be nominated by The Crown and the remaining seven were to be elected by the Court of Directors. To make the Council of India expert body on Indians affairs, the Act provided that nine out of fifteen must be those members who served or resided in India, at least, for a period of ten years before their appointment. All future vacancies were to be filled by the Crown.
Answer:
The Revolt of 1857 led to the many major changes in the administration and the policy of the British Government. Followings are the major consequences of the revolt of 1857: The policy of annexation and expansion of British empire in India ended. British promised to respect the dignity and rights of the Native princes.
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