Question

what were the factors that led the british
to divide bengal ?​

Answer 1

Answer:

The Partition of Bengal was the decision of separating eastern parts of Bengal from rest of Bengal. It was announced on 19 July 1905 by the Viceroy of India, Lord Curzon. The reason given for the decision was that Bengal with a population of 78 million had become too big to be administered which was true to some extent, but the real motives behind the partition plan were the British desire to weaken Bengal, the nerve centre of Indian nationalism and divide the Muslims and Hindus on the basis of religion.

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Answer 2

Explanation:

For the 1947 partition, see Partition of Bengal (1947).

The first Partition of Bengal (Bengali: বঙ্গভঙ্গ) was a territorial reorganization of the Bengal Presidency implemented by the authorities of the British Raj in 1905. The partition separated the largely Muslim eastern areas from the largely Hindu western areas on 16 October 1905 after being announced on 20 July 1905 by Lord Curzon, the then Viceroy of India.



Map showing the partition of Bengal into the province of Bengal and the province of Eastern Bengal and Assam in 1905



Map showing the modern day nation of Bangladesh and Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa, Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh and parts of Nagaland and Manipur within the Province before division into Bihar and Orissa and Eastern Bengal and Assam

The Hindus of West Bengal, who dominated Bengal's business & rural life, complained the division would make them a minority in a province that would incorporate the province of Bihar and Orissa. Hindus were outraged at what they saw as a "divide and rule" policy[1][2] (gaining and maintaining power by breaking up larger concentrations of power into pieces), even though Curzon stressed it would produce administrative efficiency. The ultimate motive remains questionable, as in two letters dated 7 February and 6 December 1904, Herbert Risley, Lord Curzon's Home Secretary, wrote,"Bengal united is a force,Bengal divided will go in different ways. That the Partition Plan is opposed by the Congress is its merit for us.Our principal motive is to weaken a united party against the government."[3] The partition animated the Muslims to form their own national organization along on communal lines. To appease Bengali sentiment, Bengal was reunited by Lord Hardinge in 1911, in response to the Swadeshi movement's riots in protest against the policy and they began an angry agitation, featuring belief among Hindus that East Bengal would have its own courts and policies.