What were the impacts of ‘Partition of Bengal’ in National Movement ?
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Explanation:
Partition of Bengal, (1905), division of Bengal carried out by the British viceroy in India, Lord Curzon, despite strong Indian nationalist opposition. It began a transformation of the Indian National Congress from a middle-class pressure group into a nationwide mass movement.
Bengal
Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa had formed a single province of British India since 1765. By 1900 the province had grown too large to handle under a single administration. East Bengal, because of isolation and poor communications, had been neglected in favour of west Bengal and Bihar. Curzon chose one of several schemes for partition: to unite Assam, which had been a part of the province until 1874, with 15 districts of east Bengal and thus form a new province with a population of 31 million. The capital was Dacca (now Dhaka, Bangl.), and the people were mainly Muslim.
India
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This article was most recently revised and updated by Maren Goldberg, Assistant Editor.
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Indian National Congress
POLITICAL PARTY, INDIA
WRITTEN BY: The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
See Article History
Alternative Titles: All-India Congress Party, Congress (I) Party, Congress Party, Indian National Congress-Indira
ARTICLE CONTENTS
Indian National Congress, byname Congress Party, broadly based political party of India. Formed in 1885, the Indian National Congress dominated the Indian movement for independence from Great Britain. It subsequently formed most of India’s governments from the time of independence and often had a strong presence in many state governments.
Mahatma Gandhi
The prominent Gandhi family of the Congress Party is not related to Mahatma Gandhi.
The Congress Party has had numerous major corruption scandals (as has the party's opponent, the Bharatiya Janata Party).
History
The pre-independence period
The Indian National Congress first convened in December 1885, though the idea of an Indian nationalist movement opposed to British rule dated from the 1850s. During its first several decades, the Congress Party passed fairly moderate reform resolutions, though many within the organization were becoming radicalized by the increased poverty that accompanied British imperialism. In the early 20th century, elements within the party began to endorse a policy of swadeshi (“of our own country”), which called on Indians to boycott of imported British goods and promoted Indian-made goods. By 1917 the group’s “extremist” Home Rule wing, which was formed by Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant the previous year, had begun to exert significant influence by appealing to India’s diverse social classes.
Mohandas K. Gandhi and Sarojini Naidu on the Salt March in western India, March 1930.
Mohandas K. Gandhi and Sarojini Naidu on the Salt March in western India, March 1930.
Hulton Archive/Getty Images
In the 1920s and ’30s the Congress Party, led by Mohandas (Mahatma) Gandhi, began advocating nonviolent noncooperation. The new change in tactics was precipitated by the protest over the perceived feebleness of the constitutional reforms enacted in early 1919 (Rowlatt Acts) and Britain’s manner of carrying them out, as well as by the widespread outrage among Indians in response to the massacre of civilians in Amritsar (Punjab) that April. Many of the acts of civil disobedience that followed were implemented through the All India Congress Committee, formed in 1929, which advocated avoiding taxes as a protest against British rule. Notable in that regard was the Salt March in 1930 led by Gandhi. Another wing of the Congress Party, which believed in working within the existing system, contested general elections in 1923 and 1937 as the Swaraj (Home Rule) Party, with particular success in the latter year, winning 7 out of 11 provinces.
When World War II began in 1939, Britain made India a belligerent without consulting Indian elected councils. That action angered Indian officials and prompted the Congress Party to declare that India would not support the war effort until it had been granted complete independence. In 1942 the organization sponsored mass civil disobedience to support the demand that the British “quit India.” British authorities
Answer:
Answer:
The main reason for the Bengal partition in 16 October 1905 was an administrative necessity according to British rulers, but according to nationalist leaders it was just because to put curbs on national enthusiasm by dividing Hindus and Muslims.
the partition of Bengal let the fire in The nationalist leaders this was the adverse effect for British rule.
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