What were the six causes of French Revolution?
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Causes of the French Revolution
1. International: struggle for hegemony and Empire outstrips the fiscal resources of the state
2. Political conflict: conflict between the Monarchy and the nobility over the “reform” of the tax system led to paralysis and bankruptcy.
3. The Enlightenment: impulse for reform intensifies political conflicts; reinforces traditional aristocratic constitutionalism, one variant of which was laid out in Montequieu’s Spirit of the Laws; introduces new notions of good government, the most radical being popular sovereignty, as in Rousseau’s Social Contract [1762]; the attack on the regime and privileged class by the Literary Underground of “Grub Street;” the broadening influence of public opinion.
4. Social antagonisms between two rising groups: the aristocracy and the bourgeoisie
5. Ineffective ruler: Louis XVI
6. Economic hardship, especially the agrarian crisis of 1788-89 generates popular discontent and disorders caused by food shortages.
1. International: struggle for hegemony and Empire outstrips the fiscal resources of the state
2. Political conflict: conflict between the Monarchy and the nobility over the “reform” of the tax system led to paralysis and bankruptcy.
3. The Enlightenment: impulse for reform intensifies political conflicts; reinforces traditional aristocratic constitutionalism, one variant of which was laid out in Montequieu’s Spirit of the Laws; introduces new notions of good government, the most radical being popular sovereignty, as in Rousseau’s Social Contract [1762]; the attack on the regime and privileged class by the Literary Underground of “Grub Street;” the broadening influence of public opinion.
4. Social antagonisms between two rising groups: the aristocracy and the bourgeoisie
5. Ineffective ruler: Louis XVI
6. Economic hardship, especially the agrarian crisis of 1788-89 generates popular discontent and disorders caused by food shortages.
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The six causes of the French Revolution given below:
Explanation:
- The social inequality: The society in France was ruled ion an old order divided society into three estates. The first two estates: aristocrats and clergy, enjoyed the privilege in the country by holding power and not paying taxes.
- The third estate is known for its bourgeoisie class who paid all the taxes in France and enjoyed little privileges in the society.
- Enlightenment philosophers, including John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau asked the old absolute power of the monarch and divisions of society.
- The rise in the cost of bread affected many common French citizens who were not able to buy their regular meals.
- The reason for the financial crises in the empire happened because of long years of war that had drained the country's financial resources (treasury).
- Weak monarchies of Bourbon dynasty were another reason for the cause of the French Revolution.
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