what where the effects of the first war world on the National movement
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Answer:
The war created a new economic and political situation. It led to a huge increase in defence expenditure which was financed by war loans and increasing taxes: customs duties were raised and income tax introduced.
1.The war created a new economic and political situation. It led to a huge increase in defence expenditure which
was financed by war loans and increasing taxes: customs duties were raised and income tax introduced.
2.Through the war years prices increased – doubling between 1913 and 1918 – leading to extreme hardship for
the common people.
3.Villages were called upon to supply soldiers, and the forced recruitment in rural areas caused widespread anger.
4.Then in 1918-19 and 1920-21, crops failed in many parts of India, resulting in acute shortages of food.
5.This was accompanied by an influenza epidemic. According to the census of 1921, 12 to 13 million people
perished as a result of famines and the epidemic.
People hoped that their hardships would end after the war was over.
2.Explain Gandhi’s Idea of Satyagraha.
1.The idea of satyagraha emphasised the power of truth and the need to search for truth. It suggested that if the
cause was true, if the struggle was against injustice, then physical force was not necessary to fight the oppressor.
2.Without seeking vengeance or being aggressive, a satyagrahi could win the battle through nonviolence .
3. This could be done by appealing to the conscience of the oppressor. People – including the oppressors – had to
be persuaded to see the truth, instead of being forced to accept truth through the use of violence.