what would happen if a child does not get vaccinationf
Answers
There are many reasons parents give for delaying a vaccination, from "My baby cries when she gets the shot," to "My child is too young to get so many vaccines." More important than all of these excuses is one simple fact: A child's immune system is more vulnerable without vaccinations. And if it weren't for vaccinations, many children could become seriously ill or even die from diseases such as measles, mumps and whooping cough. See "The Diseases Vaccines Prevent and How" for more information.
We live in an increasingly global world, with increased risks around every corner. Travelers entering into New York create an even greater risk of exposure. On a regular basis there is a new report regarding a disease outbreak somewhere in the world - including in the United States and New York State. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports outbreaks around the world and provides health information for travel to more than 200 international destinations. From mumps, to pertussis to the measles, diseases once thought to be eradicated are coming back because people are not being vaccinated as they once were. If you think tears from a needle are hard to watch, imagine the suffering your child will experience if he or she contracts a serious disease that could have been prevented.
While misinformation in the media has led many parents to delay vaccinations as a result of either Dr. Andrew Wakefield's false claims about autism or Dr. Bob's Alternative Schedule, many diseases have begun to reemerge among children around the world. Don't let your child become a statistic -- make sure they get all the recommended vaccinations. And if you're worried about autism, visit "The Truth About Autism."
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Explanation: Diseases such as measles and chickenpox are seeing a resurgence because of an increasing number of parents who opt out of vaccinating their children, officials say.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)Trusted Source, the percentage of 2-year-olds who have never received a single vaccination has quadrupled since 2001, reaching 1.3 percent of children born in 2015.
While that’s still a relatively low number, it does reflect a change.
There appears to be distrust in vaccinations in a generation who may not have any firsthand knowledge of the diseases routine shots prevent. This includes the once-common chickenpox and measles.
Herd immunity — when large swaths of the population are immunized — is one of the best defenses humanity has against diseases like measles, which are easily spread through sneezing and coughing.
For protection against measles, about 93 percent of a community needs to get vaccinated, according to Dr. Sharon Nachman, chief of pediatric infectious diseases at Stony Brook Medicine in New York.
For other diseases, it can be as low as 80 percent.
“Remember, no vaccine is 100 percent effective, so protection depends on the uptake of vaccine in the community, plus how effective the vaccine is, plus how infectious the illness is,” Nachman told Healthline. “It’s really a complicated equation.”
Out of sight, out of mind
Because some diseases, such as measles, have been removed from society for so long, many people don’t have firsthand knowledge of what it’s like having the disease: the high fever, itchy and painful rash, and even bronchitis, pneumonia, and encephalitis, or swelling of the brain.
Measles was actually considered eradicated, or not continually being transmitted year-round, in the United States in 2000, says the CDC.
Because measles doesn’t have a home in the United States, some parents question the importance of vaccines and choose not to have their children vaccinated.
But the United States, and the rest of the world, isn’t an isolated island. Some people don’t take into account the mobility of the pathogen within the population, Nachman says, especially when people are getting on planes and ships to and from foreign countries.
“Not only are they seeing vaccine-preventable illnesses and multidrug-resistant bacteria, they are bringing these back with them in their travels,” she said.
Such was the case of an outbreak in Disneyland in 2015, when at least 26 people at the park contracted measles after a visitor brought the virus from a foreign country. Many of those who got measles weren’t vaccinated.
The exact opposite happened the previous year in the San Francisco Bay Area. A person carrying the virus rode mass transit for several days in 2014, but there were no reported secondary infections because of the area’s high vaccination rate.
Dr. Dana Hawkinson, with the infectious disease department of the University of Kansas Health System, says the safety and efficacy of these vaccines has been repeatedly shown through rigorous scientific study.
Should parents have questions, they should consult their healthcare provider, he says.
“The overall risk to benefit ratio of the vaccines is of very low risk compared to great potential benefit,” Hawkinson told Healthline. “Vaccines have prevented complications, which can occur with some of these vaccine-preventable diseases, such as encephalitis with diseases such as measles or chickenpox.”
But herd immunity also protects those who aren’t healthy enough to be vaccinated and could fare far worse should they come in contact with the virus.