Question

When and why did "Tamil Nadu" separated from "Andhra Pradesh"

Answer 1

Tamil Nadu did not exist as a separate political entity by that name when the Andhra State was formed. So, actually it was not from Tamil Nadu that the Andhra State separated but from the Madras Presidency of which Tamil Nadu was also a part just like Andhra. Even as these two States were the majority constituents of the Madras Presidency, of these two, Tamil Nadu is smaller than the Andhra State. So, the question of a bigger entity separating from a smaller entity does not arise.

Before the formation of these linguistic States, there used to be a vast cosmopolitan province called the ‘Madras Presidency’ with Madras (Chennai) as its capital. The province was composed of the territories belonging to several modern States like AP, TN, KTK, Kerala and Orissa. Later in 1936, Orissa was formed as a separate province with parts from both the Madras and Bengal provinces. The official language of the Madras Presidency was English but not Tamil. The only modern remnant of this political arrangement of the colonial era is the continuing capital status of the Madras city (Chennai). Tamil Nadu officially continued as the Madras State way long after Andhra became separate. Somehow, it took a long time to call itself by the present name.

Technically the Andhra State is different from the State of Andhra Pradesh. The Andhra State was formed in 1953 and consisted of only the Coastal Andhra and Rayala Seema. The State of the erstwhile Andhra Pradesh which was formed in 1956 consisted of Coastal Andhra, Rayala Seema and Telangana. This united Andhra Pradesh was recently (2014) bifurcated into Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.

Territory-wise speaking, the latest State of Andhra Pradesh is nothing but the restored/resurrected entity of the erstwhile Andhra State of 1953 (comprising Coastal Andhra and Rayala Seema) which was once part of the Madras Presidency. Telangana, the other half of the Telugu homeland was never a part of the Madras Presidency. It used to be a part of the (Islamic) Nizam State ruled by the Asafjahi dynasty with Urdu as its sole official language. However Telangana was not the only or whole territory of the Nizam State as its second half included several other districts which spoke Kannada and Marathi.

Answer 2

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On 26 January 1950 it was formed as Madras State by the Government of India.

As a result of the 1956 States Reorganisation Act, the state's boundaries were re-organised following linguistic lines. .
The state was finally renamed as Tamil Nadu on14 January 1969 by C.N.Annadurai Chief Minister of DMK.


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