Question

When inductive effect and electromeric effect operate in opposite direction?

Answer 1

When inductive and electromeric effects operate in opposite directions then electomeric effect predominates

Answer 2

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Inductive effect - This is effect of electronegativity, transmitted through intermediate sigma bonds. For example, chloroacetic acid is stronger than acetic acid, because the electron pulling effect of Cl stabilises the accumulation of negative charge on the anion.

Electromeric effect can be defined as the transfer of electrons from a double bond or an atom with a lone pair of electrons to an adjacent single bond.When the inductive effect and the electromeric effect operate in the same molecule, electromeric effect dominates the inductive effect.

Inductive effect produced due to the pulling of electron towards different atoms.