Question

Where are proteins synthesized inside the cells how are they transported to various places inside the cell what is the role of proteins in the functioning of lysosomes

Answer 1

Proteins are synthesized by Golgi bodies or golgi apparatus which carry out these major functions----


1. To process the macromolecules such as proteins and lipids that are synthesized by the cell.

2. Modifying, sorting and packaging of proteins for secretion.

3. Transport of lipids around the cell

4. Formation of lysosomes.

Answer 2

The process in which the cells of all the living organisms synthesize proteins is called protein synthesis.

Explanation:

• The synthesis f proteins takes place into two parts: transcription and translation. The transfer of genetic instructions in DNA to mRNA is called transcription and translation is the process in which the genetic code in mRNA is read to synthesize a protein.  
• The plasma membrane of the cell has transport proteins embedded in it which help in the movement of materials inside and outside the cells. The two types of protein transport are: active and passive.
• Movement of molecules from high to low concentrated area is called passive transport which does not require energy as the molecules are pushed due to natural pressure. The movement of low to high concentrated area is called active transport which requires energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is called active transport.
• Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes and are bounded by a membrane. In the endoplasmic reticulum, the enzyme proteins are created which are then packed into a vesicle and moved to Golgi apparatus. Golgi apparatus creates digestive enzymes and forms a small vesicle with a single membrane and it is called as lysosome.

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