Question

which intraspecific interaction show division of labour?
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Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

In order to survive and reproduce, organisms must perform a multitude of tasks. However, trade-offs limit their ability to allocate energy and resources to all of these different processes. One strategy to solve this problem is to specialize in some traits and team up with other organisms that can help by providing additional, complementary functions. By reciprocally exchanging metabolites and/or services in this way, both parties benefit from the interaction. This phenomenon, which has been termed functional specialization or division of labor, is very common in nature and exists on all levels of biological organization. Also, microorganisms have evolved different types of synergistic interactions. However, very often, it remains unclear whether or not a given example represents a true case of division of labor. Here we aim at filling this gap by providing a list of criteria that clearly define division of labor in microbial communities. Furthermore, we propose a set of diagnostic experiments to verify whether a given interaction fulfills these conditions. In contrast to the common use of the term, our analysis reveals that both intraspecific and interspecific interactions meet the criteria defining division of labor. Moreover, our analysis identified non-cooperators of intraspecific public goods interactions as growth specialists that divide labor with conspecific producers, rather than being social parasites. By providing a conceptual toolkit, our work will help to unambiguously identify cases of division of labor and stimulate more detailed investigations of this important and widespread type of inter-microbial interaction.

Answer 2

Perennial intraspecific interactions show division of labour.

Intraspecific interactions

• The relationships between members of the same species, whether they are living in the same population or distinct populations, are known as intraspecific interactions. Due to these connections, people are grouped into either transient or more permanent group affiliations that continue throughout their entire lives; these are known as transient and perennial intraspecific interactions, respectively.
• Their capacity to devote time and resources to each of these several activities is constrained by trade-offs. One approach to addressing this issue is to focus on specific features and collaborate with other creatures that can offer additional, complementary capabilities. Both sides gain from the relationship by reciprocally exchanging metabolites and/or services in this manner.
• This phenomenon, also known as functional specialisation or the division of labour, occurs frequently in nature.

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