Which law of thermodynamics leads to concept of thermal equilibrium
Answers
Thermodynamic equilibrium leads to the large scale definition of temperature. When two objects are in thermal equilibrium they are said to have the same temperature. During the process of reaching thermal equilibrium, heat, which is a form of energy, is transferred between the objects.
The zeroth law of thermodynamics defines thermal equilibrium and forms a basis for the definition of temperature: If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
Complete step by step answer:
The zeroth law of thermodynamics was introduced by Ralph. H. Fowler and it is one of the four basic laws of thermodynamics. The law put forwards the concept of temperature, which can be used to measure the thermal equilibrium between systems.
Consider three thermodynamic systems A, B and C. When the system ‘A’ is in thermal equilibrium with the system ‘B’ and is also separately in thermal equilibrium with the system ‘C’, then the systems ‘B’ and ‘C’ is said to be in thermal equilibrium with each other. This statement forms the definition of the zeroth law of thermodynamics. In other words “systems that are in thermal equilibrium exist at the same temperature.”
Even if there is no direct contact between the two thermodynamic systems, it can still transfer heat between each other by means of radiation of heat. According to the zeroth law of thermodynamics, if the systems are in thermal equilibrium, no heat flow will take place.
So, the answer to the question is option (D)- Temperature.
Note:
Two bodies are said to be in thermal equilibrium when two bodies at different temperatures are brought into, and after some time they attain a common temperature.
The most common application of zeroth law can be seen in thermometers. Another example is that when you have two glasses of water, one consists of hot water and the other consists of cold water. If we leave them alone for some time at room temperature, they will attain the room temperature.
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