Which metal is mainly present in the impure form in Cu obtained by Bessemerisation process ?
(A) S
(B) Fe
(C) Pt
(D) (A) and (B)
Answers
Explanation:
In the metallurgy of copper, the impure metal got after Bessemerization is called Blister copper as per the following process.
The reduction of molten matte is carried out in a pear-shaped stainless steel furnace called Bessemer converter which is lined inside with MgO also provided with tuyers. The molten matte is heated in Bessemer converter by blowing a hot blast of air through pipes called Tuyers with more silica. The following changes occur in the converter.
(i) Air oxidizes most of FeS to FeO by direct oxidation which is removed as ferrous silicate (slag) by combining with silica. FeS is also converted into FeO by reacting with Cu2O (formed by partial oxidation of Cu
2
S).
(ii) After the iron has been removed, a hot blast of air partially oxidizes Cu2S into Cu2O (leaving some unreacted Cu2S). Now, Cu2O and remaining Cu2S reduce each other (Auto or self-reduction) without any external reducing agent to give metallic copper in the molten state.
The molten metal produced is now cooled to solidify in sand molds, the dissolved and hidden SO2 gas escapes out, produces blisters (bubbles) on the surface of solid metal, so copper obtained is called BLISTERED COPPER which is 98-99% pure.
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