Question

Which observations correctly describe the second law of thermodynamics? Check all that apply.

A-Thermal energy that is not used to do work is often released to the surroundings.
B-Thermal energy flows from a cooler object to a warmer object.
C-Thermal energy flows from a warmer object to a cooler object.
D-Thermal energy is released as unusable energy by a heat engine, which is never 100 percent efficient.
E-Thermal energy flows when two objects in contact have a temperature difference.

Answer 1

⏺️ANSWER :
✔️A ). Thermal energy that is not used to do work is often released to the surroundings.

✔️D ). Thermal energy is released as unusable energy by a heat engine, which is never 100 % efficient.

✔️E) -Thermal energy flows when two objects in contact have a temperature difference.

Answer 2

A, C, D, and E correctly describe the second law of thermodynamics.

• The thermal energy that cannot be used to do useful work dissipates as heat. This heat increases the temperature of the surroundings.

• Thermal energy flows from a body with higher thermal energy (higher temperature) to a body with lower thermal energy (lower temperature).

• According to the laws of thermodynamics, no heat engine can have 100% efficiency. There is always heat loss in an engine.

• Thermal energy needs a temperature gradient to flow.