Question

which of the following has the highest boiling point and why? 2-methylpentane,2,3-dimethylbutane and 2,2-dimethylbutane

Answer 1

2-Methylpentane has the highest boiling point because of higher vanderwaal’s forces in that molecule due to the presence of a single branched chain of methyl group.

Explanation:

• All the given compounds 2-Methylpentane, 2,2-DiMethylbutane and 2,3-Dimethylbutane are having the same chemical compositions of $C_6H_1_4$

• The weight 86 grams and are having the boiling points as 62 degrees, 50 degrees and 58 degrees centigrade respectively.

• But they are quite different from each other in their structure.

• The 2-Methylpentane had 5 carbons in the main chain to which a single side chain of methyl group is attached.

• The 2,2-Dimethylbutane and 2,3-Dimethylbutane have 4 carbons in the main chain and two methyl groups are attached to this main chain at their respective positions.

• This results in the great vanderwaal’s forces for 2-Methylpentane which will increase its boiling point.

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