Which of the following is TRUE regarding hybridization in PCl5?
a) All the bond angles in PCI5 are equivalent.
b) Axial and equatorial bonds have same bond length.
c) On orbital overlap between phosphoru and chlorine atom, five sp3 d-p sigma covalent bonds are formed.
d) Axial and equatorial bonds have equivalent bond energies
Answers
Answer:
option c
Explanation:
Answer:
The correct answer is b) Axial and equatorial bonds have the same bond length is true regarding hybridization in PCl5.
Explanation:
From the above question,
In PCl5, the phosphorus atom undergoes sp3d hybridization to form five sp3d hybrid orbitals. Such hybrid orbitals then combine with the 5 chlorine atoms to form five equivalent sp3d-P sigma bonds. The molecule has a trigonal bipyramidal shape, with three chlorine atoms in the equatorial plane and two in the axial positions.
The axial bonds are directed towards the two opposite vertices of the bipyramid, whereas the equatorial bonds lie in the plane of the base of the bipyramid. The axial bonds are longer than the equatorial bonds due to the difference in the bond angles between them. The axial bonds are directed at 90 degrees to the equatorial plane and have a bond angle of 180 degrees, while the equatorial bonds are directed at an angle of 120 degrees, resulting in shorter bond length. Thus, the axial and equatorial bonds have different bond lengths, and the statement that they have the same bond length is false.
From the given statement,
(a) is false. Because the bond angles in PCl5 are not equivalent. Statement
(c) is also false. Because there are no sp3d-p sigma covalent bonds formed.
(d) is also false. Because the axial and equatorial bonds have different bond lengths, which leads to different bond energies.
Hence,
The correct answer is b) Axial and equatorial bonds have the same bond length is true regarding hybridization in PCl5.
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