Which organ in plants (a) absorbs water and
minerals (b) synthesis food.
Answers
Answer:
The answer is a option A
Answer:
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Explanation:
The roots of seed plants have three major functions: anchoring the plant to the soil, absorbing water and minerals and transporting them upwards, and storing the products of photosynthesis. Some roots are modified to absorb moisture and exchange gases. Most roots are underground. Some plants, however, also have adventitious roots, which emerge above the ground from the shoot.
Root systems are mainly of two types
Tap root systems have a main root that grows down vertically, and from which many smaller lateral roots arise. Tap roots penetrate deep into the soil and are advantageous for plants growing in dry soils. Tap roots are typical of dicots such as dandelions.
Fibrous root systems are located closer to the surface and have a dense network of roots. Fibrous root systems can help prevent soil erosion. Fibrous roots are typical of monocots such as grasses.
(a) Tap root systems have a main root that grows down, while (b) fibrous root systems consist of many small roots. Image credit: OpenStax Biology, modification of work by Austen Squarepants/Flickr)
Root structures are evolutionarily adapted for specific purposes:
Bulbous roots store starch.
Aerial roots and prop roots are two forms of above-ground roots that provide additional support to anchor the plant.
Some tap roots, such as carrots, turnips, and beets, are adapted for sugar/starch storage.
Epiphytic roots enable a plant to grow on another plant
The shoot system: stems and leaves
Stems are a part of the shoot system of a plant. Their main function is to provide support to the plant, holding leaves, flowers and buds. Of course they also connect the roots to the leaves, transporting absorbed water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant, and transporting sugars from the leaves (the site of photosynthesis) to desired locations throughout the plant. They may range in length from a few millimeters to hundreds of meters, and also vary in diameter, depending on the plant type. Stems are usually above ground, although the stems of some plants, such as the potato, also grow underground.
Stems can be of several different varieties:
Herbaceous stems are soft and typically green
Woody stems are hard and wooded
Unbranched stems have a single stem
Branched stems have divisions and side stems
Plant stems, whether above or below ground, are characterized by the presence of nodes and internodes (shown below). Nodes are points of attachment for leaves and flowers; internodes are the regions of stem between two nodes. The tip of the shoot contains the apical meristem within the apical bud. An axillary bud is usually found in the area between the base of a leaf and the stem where it can give rise to a branch or a flower.