Question

Which organ is associated with biological rhythms in mammals?

Answer 1

The correct answer is - Hypothalamus.

The master clock of the mammalian circadian system is localized in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the anterior hypothalamus. It coordinates independent peripheral oscillators in all major organs and their coordinated action appears indispensable for a healthy organism.

In vertebrates, the regulation of circadian rhythms resides in specialized neuroendocrine structures. These include the pineal gland or organ, the retina, the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), and the structures that are associated with each of the components.

The pineal gland secretes Melatonin. This secretion is suppressed by exposure to .light, and is entrained by the light-dark cycle. It is coupled to the wake-sleep cycle and to the circadian cortisol rhythm.

The cell-autonomous, self-sustained rhythms are based on transcriptional-translational feedback loops driving expression patterns of a number of clock genes and clock-controlled genes.

Answer 2

Hypothalamus, pineal gland is associated with biological rhythms in mammals.

Explanation:

• The suprachiasmatic nucleus present in the hypothalamus of the brain is responsible for the biological rhythm of the body.  

• The circadian rhythm however is not only regulated by the hypothalamus but also by the pineal gland and the retina of the eye.  

• The ‘melatonin secretion’ by the pineal gland is responsible for the day-night rhythm of the body.

• The cell itself also maintains rhythm by it transcription and translational mechanism.

Learn more about Hypothalamus

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