Which part of the human body is affected in the disease called ‘Glaucoma’?
Answers
The optic nerve is part of the central nervous system and carries visual information from the eye to the brain.
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“Glaucoma†is a term ascribed to a whole group of diseases affecting the eye that cause the pressure within the eye (the intraocular pressure) to be at unhealthy levels for the affected person. Because many different types of glaucoma exist, treatment depends upon the type of glaucoma as well as a variety of other factors.
The damage?
Normally, watery fluid (aqueous humor) constantly flows through the eye. This fluid keeps the eye firm and clear so the eyeball can function well visually. The relative state of inflow and outflow of aqueous humor partially determines how firm the eye is. If the outflow is blocked, pressure inside the eye builds up.
High intraocular pressure, can directly damage the optic nerve, can damage other tissues as well, such as the cornea and the lens, and can squeeze out of the eye the blood needed to keep the nerves healthy, resulting in damage to the nerves or retina (the light-sensitive part of the eye).
Outflow of fluid, aqueous humor, can be blocked in different ways: by adhesions or by a cataract, by debris caused by inflammation, by deposits which are due to aging, by abnormal material which is sometimes the result of certain drugs, or by the iris itself. The veins into which the fluid flows when it leaves the eye can be partially blocked by other disease, or by pressure on the large veins in the orbit.
Average normal intraocular pressure in adults is 15 mm Hg
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