Question

Who are the pionears in primary succession ?

Answer 1

BONJOUR,
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THE ANSWER IS PHYTOPLANKTON

Answer 2

Algae, Fungi and Lichens are the pioneers in primary succession.

Explanation:

• Primary succession is a significant part of ecological and biological succession which initiates from a substrate which lacks vegetation such as hard rock surface, Lava from volcanic eruptions, ice surfaces, etc.
• They are mostly microorganisms proliferating over all these surfaces and they are considered as the pioneers of the primary succession.
• Various species of Algae, Fungi and Lichens (Mutually beneficial relationship of Algae and Fungi) are some of the examples of the microorganisms which are the pioneers of the primary succession.