Question

who established the principate and when​

Answer 1

Answer:

Augustus issued in the Roman Principate, a period from roughly 31 BCE to the 3rd century CE in which the Roman emperor worked to preserve the structures of the Roman Republic, at least superficially.

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Answer 2

When you ask anyone who the first Roman emperor was, most people will say it was Julius Caesar. This isn't true. Caesar had lots of power and was a key figure in the final years of the Roman Republic, but Rome's first emperor was actually his adopted heir, Octavian Caesar Augustus. Augustus became the ruler of a powerful city, one which had for generations defined itself by its immense pride in its republic system of government. Turning a republic into an empire would be no easy feat, and to prevent massive rebellions Augustus did something very ingenious: he told people that the Republic was still intact. From roughly 31 BCE on, Rome was an empire that still maintained the guise of a republic. We call this the Principate period of Roman history, and it lasted until the 3rd century CE. The first part of this, the Augustan Principate, was perhaps the most influential though as it set the precedent for future emperors to follow. Augustus was a Roman emperor but also a protector of the Republic.