Who is the greatest Plant anatomist?
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Plants can be defined as living, eukaryotic, multi-cellular organisms that belong to the kingdom Plantae. Did you know that there are more than 3000,000 species of plants and the fact that they play a crucial role in the history of life on planet earth? Amazing, isn’t it? Plants are the main reason why there is an addition of oxygen gas in the atmosphere. And they are the only resource of food for both animals and humans. Plants are also the major habitat for millions of other organisms. A living plant produces food through a process called photosynthesis. Plants offer shelter, safety and also food for animals. In this article, read about plant anatomy!
What is Plant Anatomy?
Plant anatomy is basically a branch of botany that is all about the study of internal structure of plants and it is also called as Phytotomy. Plant anatomy is a Greek word that simply means dissection. It is all about the structural organization of plants.
A plant’s body has complex structures that are designed for various tasks like producing food and conserving water. LEAVES are the ones that usually broad and flat, and absorb energy from sunlight and carbon dioxide from the air. ROOTS take in water and minerals from the soil. The STEM is that part which supports the section of the plant above ground. It is made of an intricate network of microscopic tubes which are responsible for transporting essential water, food and minerals between the roots and the leaves.
Plant Cell
A plant consists of microscopic living structures called cells. Just like animal cells, even plant cells have a nucleus and also contain an oily membrane surrounding the whole cell. Encased in a tough cell wall, a plant cell is also has a large, fluid-filled bubble known as a vacuole. Chloroplasts are also present in the cells of green plant parts.
Leaf
Leaves make food by photosynthesis by trapping carbon dioxide and sunlight, but then they lose water from their surface. But when it comes to larger or flatter leaves, they produce more food but lose more water. Leaves contain specialized shapes and a waxy covering that effectively limit the amount of water loss, especially in dry habitats.
Plant Leaf Anatomy
Plants leaves can be simply termed as the food-making factories of green plants. There are many different sizes and shapes of leaves. The simple leaves are made up of a single leaf blade that is attached by a petiole to the stem. When it comes to a compound leaf, it has separate leaflets attached by a petiole to the stem like an ash or a locust. As we know, leaf anatomy is connected to photosynthesis.
External parts of leaves
Petiole: These are basically the part or stalk that is responsible for connecting the leaf to its stem.
Blade: Blade is the broad, large and flat surface part of the leaf that plays a crucial role in collecting sunlight. It is also known as a leaf blade.
Midrib: This is basically the main, large vein running down the center of the leaf. It holds the leaf upright, facing the sun.
Stem
The stem connects the roots and leaves and is the main support of the upright plant. It has bundles of microscopic tubes, namely the phloem vessels, carrying food and the xylem vessels, which carry water and minerals. The stem also consists of cells that provide strength and are made of special thickened walls. It may also consist of layers of dividing cells, which help the stem to become thicker.
It is interesting to know that all the plants have their own unique way of arranging their vascular tissue (bundles of transport vessels). For example, when it comes to the stem of the mare’s tail plant, the phloem and xylem run through an inner cylinder of large cells that are called stele. Then there is a light, protective cortex of air-filled spaces around it. The outermost cells of a stem also have a waxy coating that stops the stem from becoming dry.
Root
A plant’s roots are responsible for holding it firmly in the soil and also absorb all the water and minerals. A lot of plants also have only one main root known as the taproot that has smaller lateral (side) roots branching off. Some plants consist of root systems that create a dense tangle. Long taproots help the plant to absorb water from greater depths, but when there is a thick network of roots, it creates a stronger anchor in the soil.
Plant Root Anatomy
Plants roots are multi-cellular organs and are there below the ground. A radical creates a primary root, which later grows and develops inside the soil. After that, it creates several lateral roots that are also known as secondary, territory roots, etc.
There are two types of roots.
Tap Root
They are the only main root and do not contain nodes.
They are the continuation of the primary root.
They are responsible for anchoring the plant and the storage of food.
They absorb more water than other roots.
Taproots have one main vertical root that produces lateral roots or branch roots.
Examples of Taproots: beetroot, carrot, radish,
Plants can be defined as living, eukaryotic, multi-cellular organisms that belong to the kingdom Plantae. Did you know that there are more than 3000,000 species of plants and the fact that they play a crucial role in the history of life on planet earth? Amazing, isn’t it? Plants are the main reason why there is an addition of oxygen gas in the atmosphere. And they are the only resource of food for both animals and humans. Plants are also the major habitat for millions of other organisms. A living plant produces food through a process called photosynthesis. Plants offer shelter, safety and also food for animals. In this article, read about plant anatomy!
What is Plant Anatomy?
Plant anatomy is basically a branch of botany that is all about the study of internal structure of plants and it is also called as Phytotomy. Plant anatomy is a Greek word that simply means dissection. It is all about the structural organization of plants.
A plant’s body has complex structures that are designed for various tasks like producing food and conserving water. LEAVES are the ones that usually broad and flat, and absorb energy from sunlight and carbon dioxide from the air. ROOTS take in water and minerals from the soil. The STEM is that part which supports the section of the plant above ground. It is made of an intricate network of microscopic tubes which are responsible for transporting essential water, food and minerals between the roots and the leaves.
Plant Cell
A plant consists of microscopic living structures called cells. Just like animal cells, even plant cells have a nucleus and also contain an oily membrane surrounding the whole cell. Encased in a tough cell wall, a plant cell is also has a large, fluid-filled bubble known as a vacuole. Chloroplasts are also present in the cells of green plant parts.
Leaf
Leaves make food by photosynthesis by trapping carbon dioxide and sunlight, but then they lose water from their surface. But when it comes to larger or flatter leaves, they produce more food but lose more water. Leaves contain specialized shapes and a waxy covering that effectively limit the amount of water loss, especially in dry habitats.
Plant Leaf Anatomy
Plants leaves can be simply termed as the food-making factories of green plants. There are many different sizes and shapes of leaves. The simple leaves are made up of a single leaf blade that is attached by a petiole to the stem. When it comes to a compound leaf, it has separate leaflets attached by a petiole to the stem like an ash or a locust. As we know, leaf anatomy is connected to photosynthesis.
External parts of leaves
Petiole: These are basically the part or stalk that is responsible for connecting the leaf to its stem.
Blade: Blade is the broad, large and flat surface part of the leaf that plays a crucial role in collecting sunlight. It is also known as a leaf blade.
Midrib: This is basically the main, large vein running down the center of the leaf. It holds the leaf upright, facing the sun.
Stem
The stem connects the roots and leaves and is the main support of the upright plant. It has bundles of microscopic tubes, namely the phloem vessels, carrying food and the xylem vessels, which carry water and minerals. The stem also consists of cells that provide strength and are made of special thickened walls. It may also consist of layers of dividing cells, which help the stem to become thicker.
It is interesting to know that all the plants have their own unique way of arranging their vascular tissue (bundles of transport vessels). For example, when it comes to the stem of the mare’s tail plant, the phloem and xylem run through an inner cylinder of large cells that are called stele. Then there is a light, protective cortex of air-filled spaces around it. The outermost cells of a stem also have a waxy coating that stops the stem from becoming dry.
Root
A plant’s roots are responsible for holding it firmly in the soil and also absorb all the water and minerals. A lot of plants also have only one main root known as the taproot that has smaller lateral (side) roots branching off. Some plants consist of root systems that create a dense tangle. Long taproots help the plant to absorb water from greater depths, but when there is a thick network of roots, it creates a stronger anchor in the soil.
Plant Root Anatomy
Plants roots are multi-cellular organs and are there below the ground. A radical creates a primary root, which later grows and develops inside the soil. After that, it creates several lateral roots that are also known as secondary, territory roots, etc.
There are two types of roots.
Tap Root
They are the only main root and do not contain nodes.
They are the continuation of the primary root.
They are responsible for anchoring the plant and the storage of food.
They absorb more water than other roots.
Taproots have one main vertical root that produces lateral roots or branch roots.
Examples of Taproots: beetroot, carrot, radish,
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