who were liberals?¿explain liberalism in political and economic field prevailing in Europe in 19th century.
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Answer:
Liberals were the group which looked to change society. Politically, liberalism stood for (i) Constitution; (ii) a representative government ruling by consent; (iii) a parliamentary system and; (iv) ownership of private property; (v) end of the privileges of aristocracy. Drawback over that it did not grant equal rights to men and women,women had to struggle for their political rights.
Economically, liberalism stood for (i) Freedom of markets; (ii) End of state restrictions on movement of goods and capital; (iii) A customs union or Zollverein was formed by Prussia in 1834, which many German states joined (iv) This union reduced the number of currencies from over thirty to two and abolished tariff barriers; (v) A network of railways led to great mobility and gave an impetus to national unity. It boosted economic nationalism.
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