Question

why are radishes carrots beets yams thick abd fleshy? what are the components of this plant?​

Answer 1

These plants mostly bi-annuals. So, 1st year they store food(as starch) in their roots, which then gets swollen.

In winter, upper part (leaves) dies, but the plant survive and storage food gives boost for new growth in spring (2nd year). Then, it gives leaves and flower.

They are all roots, only sweet potatoes are adventitious root, all other tap root (modified to store food).