Why carbon is said to be back bone of bio molecules
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CH 4
Carbon Compounds
Carbon is the backbone of life
Living organisms consist mostly of carbon-based compounds.
Carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, complex, and diverse molecules.
Proteins, DNA, carbohydrates, and other molecules that distinguish living matter are all
composed of carbon compounds.
Organic Molecules and Origin of Life
Stanley Miller’s classic experiment demonstrated the abiotic synthesis of organic compounds.
Experiments support the idea that abiotic synthesis of organic compounds, perhaps near
volcanoes, could have been a stage in the origin of life.
Carbon can bind to other molecules
Electron configuration is the key to an atom’s characteristics.
Electron configuration determines the kinds and number of bonds an atom will form with other
atoms.
With four valence electrons, carbon can form four covalent bonds with a variety of atoms.
This ability makes large, complex molecules possible.
In molecules with multiple carbons, each carbon bonded to four other atoms has a tetrahedral
shape.
However, when two carbon atoms are joined by a double bond, the atoms joined to the carbons
are in the same plane as the carbons.
The electron configuration of carbon gives it covalent compatibility with many different
elements.
The valences of carbon and its most frequent partners (hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen) are the
“building code” that governs the architecture of living molecules.
Carbon atoms can partner with atoms other than hydrogen; for example:
Carbon dioxide: CO2
Urea: CO(NH2)2
Molecular diversity arising from Carbon Skeleton diversity
Carbon chains form the skeletons of most organic molecules.
Carbon chains vary in length and shape.
Carbon Compounds
Carbon is the backbone of life
Living organisms consist mostly of carbon-based compounds.
Carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, complex, and diverse molecules.
Proteins, DNA, carbohydrates, and other molecules that distinguish living matter are all
composed of carbon compounds.
Organic Molecules and Origin of Life
Stanley Miller’s classic experiment demonstrated the abiotic synthesis of organic compounds.
Experiments support the idea that abiotic synthesis of organic compounds, perhaps near
volcanoes, could have been a stage in the origin of life.
Carbon can bind to other molecules
Electron configuration is the key to an atom’s characteristics.
Electron configuration determines the kinds and number of bonds an atom will form with other
atoms.
With four valence electrons, carbon can form four covalent bonds with a variety of atoms.
This ability makes large, complex molecules possible.
In molecules with multiple carbons, each carbon bonded to four other atoms has a tetrahedral
shape.
However, when two carbon atoms are joined by a double bond, the atoms joined to the carbons
are in the same plane as the carbons.
The electron configuration of carbon gives it covalent compatibility with many different
elements.
The valences of carbon and its most frequent partners (hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen) are the
“building code” that governs the architecture of living molecules.
Carbon atoms can partner with atoms other than hydrogen; for example:
Carbon dioxide: CO2
Urea: CO(NH2)2
Molecular diversity arising from Carbon Skeleton diversity
Carbon chains form the skeletons of most organic molecules.
Carbon chains vary in length and shape.
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Explanation:
The properties of carbon make it the backbone of the organic molecules which form living matter. Carbon is a such a versatile element because it can form four covalent bonds.
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