Why did different social groups join the Civil Disobedience Movement ? What were their ideals? What did swaraj mean to them?
Answers
- Different social groups in the Civil Disobedience Movement
(a) Rich Peasantry Group- The Patidar and lats demanded reduction in revenue and participated in the boycott program.
(b) Poor peasantry Group-They wanted unpaid rent to be remitted, joined radical movement led by the socialist and communist.
(c) Business Class Group-prominent industrialist like Purshottamdas, G D Birla formed FICCl. They wanted protection against imports of foreign goods and rupee sterling exchange ratio and refused to sell imported goods.
(d) Working Class Group-Nagpur Workers adopted boycott of foreign goods, against low wages and poor working conditions.(e) Women-participated in the protest marches, manufacturing of salt and boycotted foreign good.
2. It demanded that a constituent assembly, elected by the people on the basis of adult franchise, be convened. It declared that only such an assembly could frame a constitution for India. It thus asserted that only the people had the right to decide the form of government under which they would live.
3. Swaraj means generally self-governance or "self-rule", and was used synonymously with "home-rule" by Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati and later on by Mohandas Gandhi, but the word usually refers to Gandhi's concept for Indian independence from foreign domination.
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Answer:
Different social groups participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930 - 1932). This was the movement launched as Swaraj meant different for different social groups. Swaraj had different aspirations for different social groups. They felt that they can get their aspirations met by participation. They had many hopes of meeting their demads come true. The following are the interpretations of swaraj by different social groups :
• Rich peasant community - Reduction in revenues
• Poor peasant communities - Reduction in revenue and relaxation in land rents.
• Rich business community - end of colonial restrictions on trade and market and a time when trade would flourish without any restraints.
• Industrial working class - increase in wages and better working conditions.
• Women - Equal rights and opportunities as men.
• Untouchables or Harijans - Equal dignity and rights as upper class people.