Question

why did the Laborors move from the villages to the during the plague?​

Answer 1

⠀⠀ ⠀ ⠀⠀ $\huge{\tt{\red{❥}\green{A}\purple{N}\pink{S}\blue{W}\orange{E}\red{R}}}$ When I spoke to him on the phone, he had just returned home to his village in the northern state of Rajasthan from neighbouring Gujarat, where he worked as a mason.

In the rising heat, Goutam Lal Meena had walked on macadam in his sandals. He said he had survived on water and biscuits.

In Gujarat, Mr Meena earned up to 400 rupees ($5.34; £4.29) a day and sent most of his earnings home. Work and wages dried up after India declared a 21-day lockdown with four hours notice on the midnight of 24 March to prevent the spread of coronavirus. (India has reported more than 1,000 Covid-19 cases and 27 deaths so far.) The shutting down of all transport meant that he was forced to travel on foot.

"I walked through the day and I walked through the night. What option did I have? I had little money and almost no food," Mr Meena told me, his voice raspy and strained.

He was not alone. All over India, millions of migrant workers are fleeing its shuttered cities and trekking home to their villages.

These informal workers are the backbone of the big city economy, constructing houses, cooking food, serving in eateries, delivering takeaways, cutting hair in salons, making automobiles, plumbing toilets and delivering newspapers, among other things. Escaping poverty in their villages, most of the estimated 100 million of them live in squalid housing in congested urban ghettos and aspire for upward mobility.

Answer 2

• The diffusion of crops and pathogens, including epidemic diseases like the bubonic plague, often occured along trade routes.

• The bubonic plague - named the Black Death by later historians - was caused by the yersinia pestis bacteria, which lived in rodent populations and was spread by fleas that had bitten infected animals.

• Once the plague transferred to animals that were in close contact with humans and to humans themselves, it began to spread along established trade routes.

• It is difficult to measure the exact human cost of the plague due to limited records from the historical period.

• Most historians think that the plague killed somewhere between 30% and 60% of Europe’s population between 1347 and 1351.