why do some plants have both chasmogamous and cleistogamous flowers?
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Flower which remains open and exposes the anther and stigma are called chasmogamous flowers. Cleistogamous flowers do not open at all. Because anthers and stigma are not exposed, cross pollination cannot take place in such cases. To promote cross-pollination, chasmogamous flowers often have strikingly colored petals and nectar guides/nectaries to attract and reward pollinators. The closed morphology of cleistogamous flowers hinders them from exposing their reproductive organs and forces self-pollination.
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