Question

why do the component colors of incident white light split into a spectrum while passing through a prism,explain.
please give a detailed answer

Answer 1

each color is characteristic of a distinct wave frequency; and different frequencies of light waves will bend varying amounts upon passage through a prism.
different frequencies of light bend or refract different amounts when passing through the prism.
As a result, red light is refracted the least and violet light is refracted the most, causing the coloured light to spread out to form a spectrum.

Answer 2

I don't know.................. so sorry