why does a condenser has inlet downwards and outlet upwards
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Why is the water inlet from below in a laboratory condenser?
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Josh Velson
Josh Velson, Lapsed Chemical Engineer
Answered May 14, 2015
There are two primary features of the spiral condenser in the diagram for this question that ensure its function:
The cold water inlet is at the end of the condenser, ensuring that the coldest water "sees" the coldest distillate and that the hottest water "sees" the hottest distillate, an efficient condition called countercurrent flow
The cold water inlet is positioned below the outlet, ensuring that if air bubbles are in the water they will rise due to buoyancy and be swept out of the outlet by the water pressure. Were the water inlet above the outlet, air bubbles' buoyancy would act against the water pressure and cause a buildup of air, decreasing heat transfer efficiency
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2 ANSWERS
Josh Velson
Josh Velson, Lapsed Chemical Engineer
Answered May 14, 2015
There are two primary features of the spiral condenser in the diagram for this question that ensure its function:
The cold water inlet is at the end of the condenser, ensuring that the coldest water "sees" the coldest distillate and that the hottest water "sees" the hottest distillate, an efficient condition called countercurrent flow
The cold water inlet is positioned below the outlet, ensuring that if air bubbles are in the water they will rise due to buoyancy and be swept out of the outlet by the water pressure. Were the water inlet above the outlet, air bubbles' buoyancy would act against the water pressure and cause a buildup of air, decreasing heat transfer efficiency
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A condenser has inlet downward so that cold water can flow through water jacket and condense hot water flowing inside condenser
It has outlet upwards so that condensed hot water can be removed
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It has outlet upwards so that condensed hot water can be removed
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