Why does a month has either 31 or 30 days, and why does February has 28 (or 29) days?
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The history of the calendar is pretty tangled. It dates back to Roman times. The Roman calendar originally had only 10 months, beginning on March 1. (That's why "September" is named after "7", "October" after 8, "November" after 9, and "December" after 10.) After December, there was just a long wasteland that nobody really cared about. In the earliest calendars, these were probably 29 day lunar months, but that got stretched out to 30 and 31 days over time.
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