Question

Why dud the early humans leave their nomadic life

Answer 1

Not all humans did. In fact, at the face of it, it seems a pretty bad choice to leave hunting/gathering for agriculture: work hours are longer, social interaction is reduced, likelihood of disease is increased (most bugs that kill you jump recently from farmed animals), life expectancy goes down, child mortality increases meaning ppl need to have more children, which in turn increases gender inequality; oh, and social inequality of course: the advent of agriculture marks the invention of poverty.

So why do it?

The crucial thing seems to be that an agricultural lifestyle allows for, and perhaps requires, a much greater degree of social organisation. Units of organisation can become larger, with a higher degree of specialisation: when farmers produce more than they need for their own survival, you can sustain priests and soldiers and aristocrats. So while everyone individually might be worse off, as a society, agriculturalists beat hunter gatherers. Probably literally.

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