Question

why electric motor draws heavier current when it is switched on as compared to that when it is in running condition with example​

Answer 1

Answer:

When the mechanical load on the rotor is high the slip rate is higher, the current flowing in the rotor circuit increases, the back emf is lower, so the current allowed to flow is increased (and the resulting power drawn is high).

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Answer 2

Answer:

An induction motor during start behaves like a short circuited transformer. ... Now, when supply is given to the stator windings, it draws high current at constant voltage as the windings are short circuited. This high current through the stator turns generate magnetic field which links with the rotor conductors