Question

why glass bottle filled with water breaks upon freezing the water?

Answer 1

Water is the only substance which expands when it's cooled... So the water increases in volume, ad hence breaks the bottle if there is no space in the bottle...

And even if it is not fully filled, there is air in it which cannot escape die to the cork, so it gets compressed to the limit and eventually the water, which turns into ice, breaks the bottle...

Answer 2

When water freeze....Volume of H2O increases due to formation of many H bonds to the  oxygen atom that give Hexagonal ice unit cell with wide holes.... so expansion of H2O structure cause increase in volume of ice than of water.so glass bottle breakes...it is an anomalous property of H2O..