why halogens are colored
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Halogens have an unpaired electron that is present in the outermost shell (valence shell) of the atom. When photons (light particles) of suitable energy hit the atom, the electron gets excited and moves to higher energy states in the atom.
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Halogens have an unpaired electron that is present in the outermost shell (valence shell) of the atom.
When photons (light particles) of suitable energy hit the atom, the electron gets excited and moves to higher energy states in the atom. This means it goes farther away from the nucleus, which increases the energy of the overall system.
Now every independent system tends to move towards the configuration of least possible internal energy. This is a rule of nature. Thus the electron comes back to its original location, and in the process releases energy in the form of photons.
The frequency of these emmited photons, for halogens, usually lies in the visible range for human eye. And thus we see them coloured.
When photons (light particles) of suitable energy hit the atom, the electron gets excited and moves to higher energy states in the atom. This means it goes farther away from the nucleus, which increases the energy of the overall system.
Now every independent system tends to move towards the configuration of least possible internal energy. This is a rule of nature. Thus the electron comes back to its original location, and in the process releases energy in the form of photons.
The frequency of these emmited photons, for halogens, usually lies in the visible range for human eye. And thus we see them coloured.
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