why have the historians described the 19th century indenture as a new system of slavery . explain five reasons.
Answers
Indentured labour was described as a new system of slavery because :
i) Agents tempted the poor people by giving false information about the nature of work, living and working conditions, modes of travel, etc.
(ii) Less willing workers were at time forcibly abducted by the agents.
(iii) On the plantation, the working conditions were harsh and they had a few legal rights.
(iv) They were beaten or imprisoned for not being able to meet tasks that used to be very heavy or for running away from the job.
(v) Normal medical attention was given to them and wages were deducted in case of absence at work or failure to fulfill the task.
OR
(i) The early industrialists avoided a direct competition with British factories.
(ii) The cotton mills started to produce coarse cotton yarn and this was exported to China.
(iii) As Swadeshi Movement gathered momentum, industrialist pressurised government to increase tariff protection.
(iv) Exports to China declined and domestic markets were taken over by China.
(v) During the First World War, British government called upon the Indian mills to produce goods such as jute bags, boots, etc., for British Army.
(vi) As the war prolonged, England could not capture the Indian markets.
OR
(i) The Police were worried about the law and order and industrialists wanted an orderly work force. There were professional criminals like cheats, tricksters, pick pockets and petty thieves too in the marginal groups.
(ii) Most of the people in the marginal groups were very poor who lived by selling lead stolen from roofs, food from shops, lumps of coal and cloth drying from hedges.
(iii) In order to discipline them the authorities counted the number of criminals, watched their activities and investigated their lives. High penalties were imposed and deserving poor people were offered work.
Read more on Brainly.in - https://brainly.in/question/743218#readmore