Question

why in displacement reaction more reactive metal displaces less reactive metal​

Answer 1

Answer:

A displacement reaction happens when a more reactive metal (one that forms positive ions more easily) displaces a less reactive metal from a compound. Example: Magnesium is more reactive than copper, so magnesium can displace copper from a copper sulfate solution to create magnesium sulfate.

Magnesium + copper sulfate → magnesium sulfate + copper

Mg(s) + CuSO4(aq) → MgSO4(aq) + Cu(s)

Platinum, however, is less reactive than copper and so cannot displace copper from a copper sulfate solution.

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Answer 2

Answer:

I'm not sure how to explain this perfectly, but I'll try to use the simplest terms.

Please also refer to the attachment below where the reactivity series of metals is provided.

A displacement reaction always occurs between one metal and another metal's salt solution.

For eg. let us take the metal Fe and the salt solution CuSO₄( Fe is more reactive than Cu ). In words, they are iron and copper sulphate solution.

Now, when we say a metal ( or any element ) is reactive, we mean that it has a great tendency to break bonds and create bonds.

In CuSO₄, Cu⁺² ion is bonded to SO₄⁻² ion to produce the required salt. The bonding has a certain strength. In order to break that bond, a certain amount of energy is required. This energy can only be provided by a metal that is more reactive than Cu.

Here we have taken Fe, which is more reactive compared to copper, so it easily breaks the bond between the Cu⁺² ion and the SO₄⁻² ion. As a metal, it also has the immediate tendency to form a bond with a non- metal. So it removes or displaces the Cu⁺² ion, which then appears as the Cu metal and instead forms a Fe⁺² ion that can combine with sulphate to form ferrous sulphate.

Now if we take some metal mentioned below Cu in the reactivity series, like Ag, it is less reactive than Cu so it will not be able to break the bonds in the salt solution of CuSO₄. No reaction will occur.

Please note that this does not mean Cu will displace Ag instead. We have just noted that metals displace the less reactive metal's ion, not the metal itself.

If Ag was present as a salt solution and Cu was present as a metal, then the displacement reaction would occur.

[Hope this helped. I'm sure that in higher classes, you will be provided with better explanations. ]