Question

why is it possible to immunize the person against rabies after the animal bite?

Answer 1

Rabies is an unusual virus in that it has a very long and unpredictable incubation time, sometimes even a year or longer, before it becomes an active infection.  Since there is no great need for universal vaccination  and it's actually possible to vaccinate post-exposure (due to the very long incubation period) this is the preferred route.  Post exposure it's also typical to receive Rabies Ig injections to suppress possible short incubation period infections as well. 

The reason why the rabies virus moves so slow isn't well understood, but vaccination is extremely effective at protecting against infection so there's no reason to change it.  

People in high risk jobs (animal care, wildlife/wildland researchers, etc) do usually get rabies vaccines pre-exposure because of their elevated risk of exposure, it's not like the post-exposure route is inherently better on a case-by-case basis


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Answer 2

Rabies is an unusual virus in that it has a very long and unpredictable incubation time, sometimes even a year or longer, before it becomes an active infection.  Since there is no great need for universal vaccination  and it's actually possible to vaccinate post-exposure (due to the very long incubation period) this is the preferred route.  Post exposure it's also typical to receive Rabies Ig injections to suppress possible short incubation period infections as well. 

The reason why the rabies virus moves so slow isn't well understood, but vaccination is extremely effective at protecting against infection so there's no reason to change it.  

People in high risk jobs (animal care, wildlife/wildland researchers, etc) do usually get rabies vaccines pre-exposure because of their elevated risk of exposure, it's not like the post-exposure route is inherently better on a case-by-case basis

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