Why is nitric acid so highly reactive?
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Being a powerful oxidizing agent, nitric acid reacts violently with many non-metallic compounds, and the reactions may be explosive.
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Metals like chromium, iron and aluminium readily dissolve in dilute nitric acid, but the concentrated acid forms a metal-oxide layer that protects the bulk of the metal from further oxidation; thus, concentrated nitric acid serves to passivate these metals towards further reactions.
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