why is the potential on the equatorial line of an electric dipole is zero ?
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Answer:
Let AB be an electric dipole consisting of +q nd -q charges separated by distance of 2l. A point P lies on the neutral axis (or equatorial or transverse position) at a distance r from the centre O of dipole, where we have to determine the potential:
AP=BP=
l
2
+r
2
Potential at P due to +q charge will be
V
1
=
4πεk
1
×
AP
q
=
4πε
0
k
l
2
+r
2
q
Similarly, potential at P due -q charge will be:
v
2
=
4πε
0
k
1
[
BP
−q
]=
4πε
0
k
l
2
+l
2
−q
Where k = dielectric constant of medium.
Hence resultant potential at point P,
V=V
1
+V
2
V=0
Explanation:
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